Means for injecting liquid fuel and other liquids into explosion motors, furnaces, and the like



Dec. 29, 1 1,567,051-

o R. GRGNKWIST MEANS FOR INJECTJENG LIQUID FUEL AND OTHER LIQUIDS INTO EXPLOSION MOTORS, FURNACES, AND THE LIKE Filed June 27, 1921 Patented Dec. 29, 1925.

UNITEDSTATES PATENT OFFICE.

Qoscm 301mm. oaiiNxwIsr, or srocxnomi, swnmm.

MEANS FOR DETECTING LIQUID FUEL AND OTHER LIQUIDS INTO EXPLOSION 11023638,

. FURNACES, AND THE LIKE.

Serial 110. 430,799.

(GRANTED UlTDEB TEE EBOVISIONS OF THE ACT OF MARCH 3, 1921, 41 STAT. L, 1813.)

Toon whom it may concern; 1

Be it known that l, OSCAR ROBERT Gnonuwrs'r, a subject of the King of Sweden, residing at Stockholm, in the 5 Kingdom of Sweden, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Means for Injecting Liquid Fuel and Other Liquids into Explosion Motors, Furnaces, and the like (for which I haye filed applications in 19 Sweden, May 7 1915, Patent No. 42,013 in Austria, April 25, 1916, Patent No. 75,378; in Norwa April 26, 1916, Patent No. 27,796; in Patent No. 304,232; in Russia, April 30, 1 1916, a plication No. 69,239; in Great Britain, llfay 2, 1916, Patent No. 100,445; in Denmark November 29, 1919, Patent No. 27,411; in witzerland, December 2, 1919, Patent No. 87,091; in Spain, December 16, 2. 1919, Patent No. 71,745; in France, December 15, 1919, Patent No. 507,396; in Belgium, December 15, 1919, Patent No. 283,884; in Italy, December 24, 1919, ap-

plication No. 280/108; in Czechoslovakia, 9 January 12, 1920, Patent No. 2302; and in Poland, January 22, 1920, a? 1266/1920), of which the" 0 specification.

This invention relates to means for in lication No.

owing 1s a jecting liquid fuel or other liquids into explosion motors, furnaces, and the like.

It has already been proposed to arrange a spring-actuated valve in the passage through which the liquid is to pass when injected, which valve while overcoming the resistance of the s ring, becomes opened when the liquid is orced in under a sufficient high pressure. Such valves have the disadvantage, however, that on account of 49 their comparatively great inertia they can not effect an instantaneous and complete closure when the supply of the liquid ceases. As a consequence some of the liquid will easily collect in drops at the injection openll ing, which is disadvantageous particularly in internal combustion engines, because these drops are gasified only with diflicul and incompletely, thus causing smoke an soot."

The object of the invention is, primarily,

' to avoid this'difliculty. This ob ect is attained by this, that the passage through which the .liquid is to pass when injected,

is normally kept closed by a resilient membrane which owing to itssown elasticity is ermany, April -29, 1916, i

comes simple and its manufacture becomes inexpensive.

In the accompanying drawing 1 shows a section of the device with a membrane provided with an injection opening and bear1ng against, or cooperating with a statlonar member. Fig. 2 shows an end view of t e member against which the membrane bears. Fi 3 shows to a larger scale the membrane 0 Fig. 1.

In the drawing, 1 denotes a portion of the motor cylinder, '2 a plug inserted in the same, and 3 a tube secured to the plug for supplylng the liquid fuel. 4 denotes the membrane which is secured to the plug by means of a nut 5. The nut and the membrane may, howeveryalso be made in one piece. The membrane is provided with a central opening 6, preferably conical and with the smaller diameter at the side of the membrane bearing against the stationary member, and provided with sharp edges, as 18 more clearly shown in Fig. 3. The membrane is secured to the plug in such manner that the central portion of the-membrane bears against the plug at 7 and that i the opening 6 becomes closed by the con tact thus established, especially in case there is a pressure on the outside of the membrane. -8, 8 denote one or more passages throu h which the fuel is admitted from the tu e 3 to the back side of the membrane.

The arrangement operates insuch manner that when the fuel is forced-forinstance by means of a pump-into the tube 3 and when the pressure has attained a certain limit, the membrane is deflected outwards so that the contact with 7 ceases and thus the opening 6 is freed. The fuel is then forced out at high speed from the thin layer between the membrane and the plug through the opening 6 and is distributed in the combusti n chamber in a very finely divided state. 0 this distribution there contributes to a considerable degree the circumstance that the path of the fuel between the membrane and the stationary member (the plug) and out through the opening forms a right, or nearly right angle, owing to which the flow is subjected at one place to such a violent interruption-that the fuel becomes finely divided. As soon as the forcing out of the fuel ceases, the membrane returns to closing position owing to its elasticity. In the embodiment according to Fig. 1 the closure is efl'ected the more rapidly and securely in proportion as the pressure from the combustion chamber exerts a powerful action on the membrane and presses the sameagainst the plug. On account of the closure being-effected in this manner rapidly and securely, any portion nel back of the membrane becomes of the liquid is prevented in the manner stated above from being forced out throu h the in'ection opening 1n a state otherwlse than divided. Moreover, the liquid reheated to a certain extent, the thin mem rane being a good conductor ofheat.

I claim:

A means for injecting liquid fuel and other liquids into explosion engine's, comprising a resilient dlaphragm secured all around its periphery and provided with an outlet aperture 1n its central portion, and an abutment located entirely to one side of said diaphragm and normally engaged by said central portion of the diaphragm so as to normally close the aperture therein, the

opposite side of the diaphragm inward of the periphery being entirely uncovered and directed towards the explosion chamber of the engine.

OSCAR ROBERT GRGNKWIST. 

